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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems, affecting 40 million adults in the United States. It's highly treatable, with many types of medications available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These medications are also used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They may take up to a month for them to begin working.

These medications work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. These medications are typically the first choice for treating anxiety, but doctors can also prescribe other types of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants such as duloxetine, (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for mild anxiety treatment. They function a bit differently from SSRIs, as they also reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, though at lower levels than SSRIs. These medicines may take some time to take effect, and they also tend to be more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil), are effective in treating some anxiety disorders, particularly GAD. Their drowsiness, along with other side effects, make them less popular. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant used to combat anxiety. Their high risk of toxicity and the restriction on dietary intake restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short term like when you wait for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These medications can cause tolerance, sedation and addiction, and withdrawal reactions that include rebound anxiety, depression and even delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is an essential part of any treatment plan for anxiety. It assists you to better be aware of your symptoms and reasons. Many people find that both therapy and medication to treat anxiety and depression can help them manage their anxiety. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy is just as effective as medications for anxiety. Talk with your physician about your options and what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have an calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles. They also reduce symptoms of bodily arousal related to fear (like heart racing and shaking) and promote sleep.

The way they work is through binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutryic acid, or GABA, at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance GABA's effects by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters and reducing the number of messages sent to amygdala. It is a part of the brain which assesses threats and creates a sense of anxiety.

These medications are sometimes employed for short periods of time, such as during panic attacks or an anxiety episode. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are different from SSRIs do not stay in the body long. They are fast acting and can be used within a few hours. This makes them suitable for situations when immediate relief is needed (such for instance, during a flight or prior to presenting in public).

Since they can be addictive, people are typically prescribed for up to four weeks at a go. After that they also cease to be effective.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines became so popular is they were efficient and had a few adverse effects, when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate and barbiturates. They are effective and have a rapid onset and can be employed as anxiolytics to decrease anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for the negative attitudes towards anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, including the minimization of the disorder, and the perception that benzodiazepine treatments lead to physical dependence. However however, benzodiazepines still play a significant role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, especially when combined with psychosocial interventions, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and other interpersonal therapies.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause unwanted side-effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medicines you are currently taking or plan to take. You can determine which medications are safe to take along with benzodiazepines by looking up the British National Formulary A-Z list of drug interactions.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and depression and anxiety treatment near me Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants to treat other conditions, too, such as eating disorders, certain kinds of pain, and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, however they may not work for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working doctors may suggest an older type called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. This includes amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine, trimipramine, doxepin and dothiepin or imipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but they are still available. You can also ask your physician to prescribe the sedating antidepressant, trazodone(Desyrel) at lower doses if you're experiencing sleep issues or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine are also helpful. These drugs are also available in generic forms. If they do not work, your doctor might suggest a sedating antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics olanzapine and quetiapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat anxiety symptoms treatment disorders. They lower heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety alone, but they can be effective when coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can assist you to change negative thoughts and behavior that can cause anxiety. It will help you learn to control your anxiety, and build coping skills. Depending on the severity of your problem, exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy may be recommended. Cognitive behavioural therapy can help you learn to challenge unhelpful thoughts, fears and the fear of situations that trigger your anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the intensity of anxiety provoking situations until they become manageable. It can be done either individually or in a small group. In both instances, results take time to appear. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best option for certain people. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to control symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medicines

While antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most commonly prescribed treatment for anxiety, other medications can ease your symptoms as well. Beta blockers, antihistamines, and buspirone are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs can correct an imbalance in your brain chemicals and can help ease your symptoms by lowering or blocking the signals that can cause stress and fear. They are not a panacea. You will still need to do things to manage anxiety, including physical exercise, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor may first prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. They are the most effective medications for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These medications may have minor adverse effects, like insomnia or nausea, but they usually subside within 4-8 weeks. Contrary to benzodiazepines they're not addictive and won't increase your risk of having suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam, clonazepam, and diazepoxide, (Valium) are a quick relief from anxiety and panic attacks. However, they can cause side effects, such as dizziness and drowsiness. They may also cause memory and coordination issues, and even dependence. These drugs to treat depression and Anxiety are less popular than older barbiturates but are equally effective.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were originally created to treat allergies. However they can also be used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain, and can trigger an energizing effect. It is not a controlled drug and does not have the same risk of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a group of medications called anticonvulsants. They have been shown to ease anxiety by interfering with the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. They might be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will evaluate your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They'll also discuss the length of time you should be taking them and any potential negative side effects. Anxiety medication is only available through prescription, and you'll need a psychiatrist to prescribe it.